Which diagram shows the relationship between two quantitative variables, with the dependent variable on the vertical axis?

The relationship between two quantitative variables is best represented by a scatter diagram. In such a diagram, one variable is plotted on the horizontal axis (the independent variable), and the other variable is plotted on the vertical axis (the dependent variable). This allows viewers to observe the correlation or trend between the two variables, making it easier to identify patterns, clusters, or potential outliers.

A scatter diagram is particularly useful for visualizing how changes in one variable relate to changes in another, showcasing relationships that could be linear, nonlinear, or non-existent. This capability is crucial in data analysis, statistical modeling, and regression analysis, where understanding the dynamics between variables is essential.

Other types of charts and graphs serve different purposes. A vertical bar chart typically displays categorical data rather than quantitative relationships, making it less suitable for this context. A line graph can also depict relationships between two quantitative variables, but it is generally used to show changes over time rather than highlighting the correlation directly. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are more focused on mapping and spatial analysis, presenting geographical data rather than exploring relationships between quantitative variables.